Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters

Kamlet-Taft solvent parameters, α (hydrogen bond donor), β (hydrogen bond acceptor), and π* (polarizability).

The values of α have been set to 0 for solvents that are assumed to be unable to donate hydrogen bonds. This is the main reason it differs from other measures of hydrogen bond acidity, e.g. ET and AN.

Sometimes a "polarity correction term" (fudge factor), δ, is also used. For aromatics δ=1.0, for polychlorinated compounds δ=0.5, and for all other solvents δ=0.0 .

α is correlated with →Dimroth-Reichardt ET (→ET vs α) and →Gutmann AN (→AN vs α).
β is correlated with →Gutmann DN (→DN vs β) except for amines and sulfides.
π* is correlated with →Catalán SPP (→SPP vs π*).

Nameαβπ*
1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol1.960.000.65
1,1,1-trichloroethane0.000.000.49
1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane0.000.000.95
1,1,3,3-tetramethylguanidine0.000.860.76
1,1-dichloroethane0.100.100.48
1,2,3-propanetriol1.210.510.62
1,2-diaminoethane0.131.430.47
1,2-dibromoethane0.000.000.75
1,2-dichlorobenzene0.000.030.80
1,2-dichloroethane0.000.100.81
1,2-dimethoxyethane0.000.410.53
1,3,5-trimethylbenzene0.000.130.41
1,3-dichlorobenzene0.000.030.75
1,3-dimethylbenzene0.000.110.47
1,3-dioxolane0.000.450.69
1,4-difluorobenzene0.000.030.58
1,4-dimethylbenzene0.000.120.43
1-bromobutane0.000.130.50
1-butyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium trifluoromethanesulfonate0.630.461.01
1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide0.620.240.98
1-chlorobutane0.000.000.39
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium dicyanoazanide0.530.351.08
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexafluorophosphate0.760.200.99
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium hexyl sulfate0.650.710.98
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium octyl sulfate0.650.770.93
1-ethyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium perchlorate0.560.411.11
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate0.400.951.09
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide0.760.280.90
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium nitrate0.480.661.13
1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate0.700.261.03
1-hexyl-3-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]azanide0.650.250.98
1-iodobutane0.000.230.47
2,2,2-trifluoroethanol1.510.000.73
2,6-dimethylpyridine0.000.760.80
2-bromopyridine0.000.531.00
2-butanol0.690.800.40
2-butanone0.060.480.67
2-chloroaniline0.250.400.83
2-chloroethanol1.280.530.46
2-cyanopyridine0.000.291.20
2-fluoropyridine0.000.510.84
2-heptanone0.050.480.61
2-methyl-1-propanol0.790.840.40
2-methyl-2-butanol0.280.930.40
2-methyl-2-propanol0.420.930.41
2-methylbutane0.000.01-0.08
2-pentanone0.000.520.65
2-phenylacetonitrile0.000.411.00
2-phenylethanol0.640.610.88
2-propanol0.760.840.48
2-propanone0.080.430.71
2-propen-1-ol0.840.900.52
2-pyrrolidone0.360.770.85
3,4-dimethylpyridine0.000.780.73
3-bromopyridine0.000.600.89
3-chlorophenol1.570.230.77
3-methyl-1-butanol0.840.860.40
3-methyl-1-octyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis[(trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl]azanide0.970.280.97
3-methylphenol1.130.340.68
3-pentanone0.000.450.72
3-phenylpropanol0.530.550.95
4-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxolane0.000.400.83
4-methyl-2-pentanone0.020.480.65
4-methylphenol1.640.340.68
4-methylpyridine0.000.670.84
acetic acid1.120.450.64
acetic anhydride0.000.290.76
acetonitrile0.190.400.75
acetophenone0.040.490.90
aniline0.260.500.73
benzene0.000.100.59
benzonitrile0.000.370.90
benzyl alcohol0.600.520.98
bis(2-chloroethyl) ether0.000.400.82
bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether0.000.400.64
bromobenzene0.000.060.79
butanenitrile0.000.400.71
butanoic acid1.100.450.56
butanol0.840.840.47
butyl acetate0.000.450.46
butylamine0.000.720.31
carbon disulfide0.000.070.61
chloroacetonitrile0.000.341.01
chlorobenzene0.000.070.71
cis-decalin0.000.080.11
cyclohexane0.000.000.00
cyclohexanol0.660.840.45
cyclohexanone0.000.530.76
cyclopentanone0.000.520.76
decane0.000.000.03
decanol0.700.820.45
di-n-butyl sulfide0.000.380.36
dibenzyl ether0.000.410.80
dibromomethane0.000.000.92
dibutyl ether0.000.460.27
dichloromethane0.130.100.82
diethyl carbonate0.000.400.45
diethyl ether0.000.470.27
diethyl sulfide0.000.370.46
diethylamine0.300.700.24
diiodomethane0.000.000.65
diisopropyl ether0.000.490.27
diisopropyl sulfide0.000.380.36
dimethyl phthalate0.000.780.82
dimethyl sulfide0.000.340.57
dimethyl sulfoxide0.000.761.00
dimethylcyanamide0.000.640.72
dioxane0.000.370.55
diphenyl ether0.000.130.66
dipropyl ether0.000.460.27
dodecane0.000.000.05
ethanediol0.900.520.92
ethanol0.860.750.54
ethoxybenzene0.000.300.69
ethyl acetate0.000.450.55
ethyl benzoate0.000.410.74
ethyl chloroacetate0.000.350.70
ethyl formate0.000.360.61
ethyl trichloroacetate0.000.250.61
fluorobenzene0.000.070.62
formamide0.710.480.97
formic acid1.230.380.65
heptane0.000.00-0.08
heptanoic acid1.200.450.50
hexafluorobenzene0.000.020.33
hexamethylphosphoramide0.001.050.87
hexane0.000.00-0.04
hexanoic acid1.220.450.52
hexanol0.800.840.40
iodobenzene0.000.060.81
methanol0.980.660.60
methoxybenzene0.000.320.73
methyl acetate0.000.420.60
methyl formate0.000.370.62
morpholine0.290.700.39
N,N,N',N'-tetramethylurea0.000.800.83
N,N-diethylacetamide0.000.780.84
N,N-dimethylacetamide0.000.760.88
N,N-dimethylaniline0.000.430.73
N,N-dimethylbenzylamine0.000.640.45
N,N-dimethylcyclohexylamine0.000.840.23
N,N-dimethylformamide0.000.690.88
N-methylacetamide0.470.801.01
N-methylaniline0.170.470.82
N-methylformamide0.620.800.90
N-methylpyrrolidone0.000.770.92
nitrobenzene0.000.301.01
nitromethane0.220.060.85
octadecafluoronaphthalene0.00-0.05-0.32
octane0.000.000.01
octanol0.770.810.40
oxane0.000.540.51
oxolan-2-one0.000.490.87
pentafluoropyridine0.000.160.53
pentane0.000.00-0.08
pentanoic acid1.190.450.54
pentanol0.840.860.40
perfluoro(methylcyclohexane)0.00-0.06-0.40
phenol1.650.300.72
piperidine0.001.040.30
propanenitrile0.000.390.71
propanoic acid1.120.450.58
propanol0.840.900.52
pyridine0.000.640.87
pyrrolidine0.160.700.39
quinoline0.000.640.92
sulfolane0.000.390.98
tetrachloroethene0.000.050.28
tetrachloromethane0.000.100.28
tetradecafluorohexane0.00-0.08-0.41
tetrahydrofuran0.000.550.58
tetramethylsilane0.000.02-0.09
thiane0.000.360.61
thiolane0.000.440.62
thiolane-1-oxide0.000.811.06
toluene0.000.110.54
trans-1,2-dichloroethene0.000.000.44
tribromomethane0.050.050.62
tributyl phosphate0.000.800.65
tributylamine0.000.620.16
trichloroethene0.000.050.53
trichloromethane0.200.100.58
triethyl phosphate0.000.770.72
triethylamine0.000.710.14
trimethyl phosphate0.000.770.72
water1.170.471.09